Surgical Sperm Retrieval

1 in 3 fertility problems can be attributed exclusively to male partner. Male factor is solely responsible for infertility in approximately 30% and contributory in another 20 30% of couples. Altogether male factor is implicated in more than 50% of couples attempting to conceive.

Majority of male infertility is Idiopathic but the good news is that more than 90% is treatable. However, in Indian scenario, it is often the female partner who bears the brunt of the treatment while the male partner is often neglected during the evaluation and treatment of infertility.Male factor infertility adversely affects reproductive outcomes even with IUI/IVF. Conventional Semen Analysis is limited for Male Fertility Assessment and caution should be applied while interpreting results

At PHS Fertility we have dedicated andrology and male fertility services for couples with male infertility or sexual dysfunction.

Surgical Sperm Retrieval

Surgical Sperm retrieval is a minimally invasive technique used to retrieve sperm directly from the place of production- the testes or storage-the epididymis, for fertility purposes.

When is Surgical Sperm Retrieval advised?

Types of Surgical Sperm Retrieval

There are many ways to get sperm from the reproductive tract. The goal is to get the best quality and number of sperm. Care is taken not to harm the reproductive tract. This will allow future sperm retrieval or reconstruction, if needed.
Some of these procedures are:

Testicular Sperm Aspiration (TESA)

TESA can be used to diagnose or treat azoospermia. It can also be used to collect sperm from the testicles. It can be done with a nerve block or under anesthesia in operating room. A thin needle punctures the skin and testis to gently pull out sperm. No other cuts are needed.

Percutaneous Epididymal Sperm Aspiration (PESA)

PESA, like TESA, can be done many times at low cost and without a surgical cut and is especially suited for obstructive azoospermia. It doesn’t need a high-powered microscope. A fine needle attached to a syringe is inserted into the epididymis to gently remove fluid along with the sperm. Sperm may not always come out this way. Sometimes a surgical process is needed

Microsurgical Testicular Sperm Extraction (Micro-TESE)

Micro-TESE is done only for non-obstructive azoospermia. The outer cover of the testicle is opened and the inside is checked to see areas more likely to be making sperm. This technique is done by a expert trained in microsurgery. Micro-TESE offers a better chance of finding sperm in the patient with non-obstructive azoospermia

Testicular Sperm Extraction (TESE)/ Testicular Biopsy

TESE is often used to diagnose the cause of azoospermia. It can also get enough tissue for sperm extraction. The sperm can be used fresh or frozen (“cryopreserved”). It involves one or several small cuts in the testes.
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