Introduction
Welcome to PHS Fertility IVF & Womencare, where we are committed to enabling couples to embark on their journey toward parenthood with empathy and patient-centric care. As the Managing Director of one of the top IVF centres in Kolkata, I, Dr Pragyanika Gurung, am proud to lead a team of specialist doctors equipped with the latest technology to support your fertility needs. Today, we are discussing In Vitro Fertilization (IVF), a process that has brought hope and joy to countless couples. In this comprehensive guide, I will walk you through the steps of an IVF cycle, discuss the potential complications and risks, and provide insights into the costs involved.
What is IVF?
IVF, or in vitro fertilization, is a process in which eggs are retrieved from a woman’s ovaries and fertilized with sperm in a laboratory setting. The resulting embryos are then transferred back into the woman’s uterus in the hope of achieving a successful pregnancy. The term “in vitro” literally means “in glass,” referring to the process occurring outside the body.
How Does IVF Work?
Step 1: Pre-IVF Evaluation
Before starting an IVF cycle, it’s crucial to undergo a thorough pre-IVF evaluation. This step helps optimize your body’s condition and identify any corrective procedures that might be needed. The evaluation includes various tests and assessments to ensure that IVF is the right treatment for you. As one of the top IVF centres in Kolkata, we emphasize the importance of this initial step in tailoring the treatment plan to your specific needs.
Step 2: Ovarian Stimulation and Monitoring
The IVF process begins with stimulating the ovaries to produce multiple eggs instead of the single egg produced during a natural menstrual cycle. This is achieved through daily injections of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) for about 10-12 days. The response to these injections is monitored via ultrasound to track the growth of the follicles, which contain the eggs.
Step 3: Egg Retrieval
Once the follicles reach a mature size (usually between 16 to 20 mm), a trigger injection is administered to complete the maturation process. Egg retrieval is then performed under short general anaesthesia using a transvaginal ultrasound-guided needle. This minimally invasive procedure involves aspirating the fluid from the follicles to collect the eggs.
Step 4: Sperm Retrieval and Preparation
On the day of the egg retrieval, a semen sample is collected from the male partner. The sperm is then processed in the laboratory to separate the motile sperm from the seminal fluid, ensuring the best quality sperm for fertilization.
Step 5: Fertilization and Embryo Culture
The retrieved eggs and processed sperm are combined in the laboratory for fertilization. The resulting embryos are cultured for 3-5 days. During this time, they are monitored for growth and development. The healthiest and most viable embryos are selected for transfer.
Step 6: Embryo Transfer
A thin catheter transfers the selected embryo(s) into the woman’s uterus. This procedure is typically painless and does not require anaesthesia. The number of embryos transferred depends on various factors, including the woman’s age and the quality of the embryos.
Step 7: Luteal Phase Support and Pregnancy Test
After the embryo transfer, the woman receives medications to support the uterine lining and facilitate implantation. About 10-15 days after the transfer, a blood test is performed to determine if the procedure has been successful and if pregnancy has been achieved.
Who Needs IVF?
IVF can be a suitable option for various fertility challenges, including:
- Women with blocked or damaged fallopian tubes.
- Men with poor sperm quality or nil sperm count.
- Couples who have experienced multiple failed fertility treatments.
- Individuals with a history of genetic disorders.
- Women who have undergone tubal ligation or men with a vasectomy.
- Women with severe endometriosis or genital tuberculosis.
- Cancer patients undergoing chemotherapy or radiation therapy who wish to preserve fertility.
- Women with diminished ovarian reserve or those nearing menopause.
- Individuals opting for elective fertility preservation.
Potential Complications and Risks of IVF
While IVF is generally safe, there are some potential complications and risks associated with the procedure:
Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS)
OHSS occurs when the ovaries over-respond to the stimulation medications, leading to swelling and fluid accumulation. This condition has become rare due to improved stimulation protocols and medications.
Multiple Pregnancy
Transferring multiple embryos increases the risk of twins or triplets, which can lead to complications during pregnancy. Electively opting for a single embryo transfer can minimize this risk.
Surgical Risks
The egg retrieval procedure, although minimally invasive, carries risks such as bleeding, infection, and injury to nearby organs. However, these complications are rare when performed by experienced professionals.
Other Risks
There may be risks associated with the anaesthesia used during egg retrieval and potential psychological stress due to the demanding nature of the treatment.
Costs of IVF
IVF treatment can be costly, and the expenses vary based on several factors, including the clinic, location, and patient’s specific requirements. At PHS Fertility IVF & Womencare, one of the top IVF centres in Kolkata, we strive to offer transparent and affordable packages to our patients. Here’s a breakdown of the typical costs involved:
- Stimulation Injections: High-quality injections are crucial for the success of the treatment, which can significantly impact the overall cost.
- Embryology Lab Fees: Maintaining a state-of-the-art lab with the best culture media is essential for embryo development.
- Procedural Charges: This includes costs for egg retrieval, embryo transfer, consultations, and ultrasounds.
On average, an IVF cycle costs around INR 1.75 to 1.8 lakhs, while a donor cycle can cost around INR 2 to 2.25 lakhs. It’s important to discuss all potential costs upfront to avoid any surprises.
Conclusion
An IVF journey can be overwhelming, but understanding the process and being prepared can make it more manageable. At PHS Fertility IVF & Womencare, we are dedicated to providing compassionate care and the highest quality of treatment to help you achieve your dream of parenthood. If you are considering IVF, please feel free to contact us for a consultation. Together, we can navigate this journey with confidence and hope.
As one of the top IVF centres in Kolkata, our mission is to support you every step of the way. Thank you for reading. If you are looking to embark on your IVF journey, please click on the link to schedule a free consultation with me.
Dr. Pragyanika Gurung
Managing Director
PHS Fertility IVF & Womencare
